The crop is mainly grown for its seeds, which are high in protein, although the leaves and immature seed pods can also be consumed. [49] The cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), discovered in 1959, has become a useful research tool. cowpea. 1. click on the desired alphabet pressing the shift key if required. The seeds can be harvested after about 100 days or the whole plant used as forage after about 120 days. Early-maturing varieties of the crop can thrive in the semiarid climate, where rainfall is often less than 500 mm (20 in). Cowpeas can be erect, semierect (trailing), or climbing. The timing of planting is crucial, as the plant must mature during the seasonal rains. [36] Temperatures of 60 °C (140 °F) kill the weevil larvae, leading to a recent push to develop cheap forms of solar heating that can be used to treat stored grain. [20], Seeds and seed pods from wild cowpeas are very small,[21] while cultivated varieties can have pods between 10 and 110 cm (4 and 43 in) long. Etymology . An annual African plant in the pea family, widely cultivated in warm regions for food, forage, and soil improvement. [13] From there they traveled north to the Mediterranean, where they were used by the Greeks and Romans. Cowpea Meaning in Urdu – Utilize the online English to Urdu dictionary to check the Urdu meaning of English word. Due to its tolerance for sandy soil and low rainfall, it is an important crop in the semiarid regions across Africa and Asia. [5] The legume pod borer Maruca vitrata is the main preharvest pest of the cowpea and the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus the main postharvest pest. [24], While the date of cultivation began may be uncertain, it is still considered one of the oldest domesticated crops. The ideal soils are sandy and it has better tolerance for infertile and acid soil than most other crops. Close, Alisa Huffaker, and Eric A. Schmelz: This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 10:01. 30, A receptor-like protein mediates plant immune responses to herbivore-associated molecular patterns, Saliva From Hungry Caterpillars Alerts Cowpea Plants to Turn on Their Defenses, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cowpea&oldid=992639201, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, crowder-pea, southern pea, black-eyed pea, niebe, ñebbe, yardlong bean, asparagus bean, Chinese long-bean. Typing can be done on the computer keyboard or the onscreen keyboard provided here. [24] Although there is no archaeological evidence for early cowpea cultivation, the centre of diversity of the cultivated cowpea is West Africa, leading an early consensus that this is the likely centre of origin and place of early domestication. [51] CpTI is the only gene obtained outside of B. thuringiensis that has been inserted into a commercially available genetically modified crop. Retaliation meaning in Odia – ପ୍ରତିଶୋଧ Noun. [73] In some tradition cropping methods, the yield can be as low as 100 kilograms per hectare (0.045 short ton/acre). Learn only what you need. [33] The crop is mostly intercropped with pearl millet, and plants are selected that provide both food and fodder value instead of the more specialised varieties. Here you can check all definitions and meanings of Cowpea. 1 English. Odia Dictionary. Jump to navigation Jump to search. The dictionary can be searched by typing any word in the ‘search’ field on the right. [13][25], Cowpeas thrive in poor dry conditions, growing well in soils up to 85% sand. The Odia vocabulary is the backbone for learning. you can learn Odia Language very quickly and easily from this utility application. English translation along with definitions is also mentioned. [59] Cowpeas can be prepared in stews, soups, purees, casseroles and curries. [5], M. vitrata causes the most damage to the growing cowpea due to their large host range and cosmopolitan distribution. cow +‎ pea. A poetic classic in Odia appeared in the 15th century, and literary prose took shape in the 18th century. [12][15], The first written reference of the word 'cowpea' appeared in 1798 in the United States. Therefore memorizing them will give you a 70% boost in the language. [50] CPMV is stable and easy to propagate to a high yield, making it useful in vector development and protein expression systems. Cowpeas were domesticated in Africa and are one of the oldest crops to be farmed. Traditional methods of protecting stored grain include using the insecticidal properties of Neem extracts, mixing the grain with ash or sand, using vegetable oils, combining ash and oil into a soap solution or treating the cowpea pods with smoke or heat. [6] Sesquipedalis in Latin means "foot and a half long", and this subspecies which arrived in the United States via Asia is characterised by unusually long pods, leading to the common names of yardlong bean, asparagus bean, and Chinese long-bean. The seeds are usually cooked and made into stews and curries, or ground into flour or paste. Patnaik & B. K. Tripathy View larger. [18] Cowpeas can either be short and bushy (as short as 20 cm or 8 in) or act like a vine by climbing supports or trailing along the ground (to a height of 2 m or 6 ft 7 in). [38], Insects are a major factor in the low yields of African cowpea crops, and they affect each tissue component and developmental stage of the plant. Odia words are found in the 2nd century B.C Jaugada inscriptions of emperor Ashoka and 1st century B.C Khandagiri inscriptions of emperor Kharavela. [50] One of the plant's defenses against some insect attacks is the cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI). Odia Dictionary Contextual translation of "cowpea" into Telugu. (Hasskarl)", "Southern Peas - Gardening Solutions - University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences", "Niebe: A Food of Choice to Combat Hunger", "Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Cowpea (, "The Potential Role of Neglected and Underutilised Crop Species as Future Crops under Water Scarce Conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa", "Toxicity and repellence of African plants traditionally used for the protection of stored cowpea against Callosobruchus maculatus". Most cowpeas are grown on the African continent, particularly in Nigeria and Niger, which account for 66% of world production. [42][43] The weevil generally enters the cowpea pod through holes before harvest and lays eggs on the dry seed. Join hands with us - Immortalise old books and magazines! ସହଯୋଗର ହାତ ବଢ଼ାନ୍ତୁ - ପୁରୁଣା ବହିପତ୍ର ଅମର କରନ୍ତୁ! By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. 6865, 6866 - Krushnaprasad Granthabali, v.01, v.02, Nrusinha Prasad Misra, Biraj Mohan Das, Ed., 2007, 2011. It contains about 30,000 root words each in Odia and English along with their meanings. wild cow peas, Vigna unguiculata. Brazil is the world's second-leading producer of cowpea seed, accounting for 17% of annual cowpea production, although most is consumed within the country. The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus Vigna. [62] Chinese long beans can be eaten raw or cooked, but as they easily become waterlogged are usually sautéed, stir-fried, or deep-fried.[63]. [28] The first written references to the cowpea were in 300 BC and they probably reached Central and North America during the slave trade through the 17th to early 19th centuries. Known as Odra Bibhasa or as Odra Magadhi Apabrhamsa in ancient times the language has been inscribed throughout the last two millenniums in ancient Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit and Odia scripts. [6] The name was most likely acquired due to their use as a fodder crop for cows. [69] Cowpea starch is digested more slowly than the starch from cereals, which is more beneficial to human health. 2. One peduncle can support four or more seed pods. [12] However, as the plant is primarily self-pollinating, its genetic diversity within varieties is relatively low. Copyright © 2017, Srujanika | Powered by WordPress | Theme Expound Child. Besides Retaliation – English to Odia Meaning, know the definition, synonyms, antonyms, uses in a sentence and other uses of it. A. Jav. cowpea synonyms, cowpea pronunciation, cowpea translation, English dictionary definition of cowpea. Leaves can be picked from 4 weeks after planting. [62], Most cowpeas are grown on the African continent, particularly in Nigeria and Niger, which account for 66% of world cowpea production. [53] Drought lowers the growth rate and development, ultimately reducing yield, although cowpea is considered more drought tolerant than most other crops. [54] Drought at the preflowering stage in cowpea can reduce the yield potential by 360 kg/ha. What is the meaning of cowpea? [19][21] Their texture and colour are very diverse. K.M. This is the smarter way of online learning. Fun Facts about the name Cowpeas. Odia Dictionary Presented here is dictionary with about 60,000 commonly used words. Definition of cowpea noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Wiktionary plural of cowpea; Back to Top. [71] The Sahel region also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal, and Mali. Patnaik & B. K. Tripathy … With noun/verb tables for the different cases and tenses links to audio pronunciation and … Odia Dictionary (New) One of the Best Odia Dictionary in play store. [4] While they play a key role in subsistence farming and livestock fodder, the cowpea is also seen as a major cash crop by Central and West African farmers, with an estimated 200 million people consuming cowpea on a daily basis. [35] More modern methods include storage in airtight containers, using gamma irradiation, or heating or freezing the seeds. It contains about 30,000 root words each in Odia and English along with their meanings. Odia Dictionary Contains more than 30000 English words with more than one Odia Meanings and most powerful feature is all data is offline you don’t need Internet connection to use this Odia Dictionary. Unguiculata is Latin for "with a small claw", which reflects the small stalks on the flower petals. Computers with windows 7 or higher usually have Kalinga font installed. [21], Compared to most other important crops, little is known about the domestication, dispersal, and cultivation history of the cowpea. Black-eyed peas were first introduced to the southern states in the United States and some early varieties had peas squashed closely together in their pods, leading to the other common names of southern pea and crowder pea.          Sl. [27] In 2300 BC, the cowpea is believed to have made its way into Southeast Asia, where secondary domestication events may have occurred. Odia Vocabulary. Submit the origin and/or meaning of Cowpeas to us below. en Beginning in 2002 — a year after the world's largest online encyclopedia, the English Wikipedia, was launched — Odia Wikipedia has grown to be the largest content repository in the Odia language available in Unicode* on the Internet. [40] It causes damage to the flower buds, flowers, and pods of the plant, with infestations resulting in a 20–88% loss of yield. What is the definition of cowpea? They can have a smooth or rough coat and be speckled, mottled, or blotchy. [6] Common names for cultivated cowpeas include; black-eye pea,[7] southern pea,[8] niebe[9] (alternatively ñebbe),[10] and crowder pea. Out of 6,028,151 records in the U.S. Social Security Administration public data, the first name Cowpeas was not present. Otherwise such fonts can be downloaded free and used – please see the ‘resources’ section for details. Click on the matra after the alphabet as needed, ‘Though written in Hindi, the words are Odia and pronunciation is also in Odia.’ ‘He barely speaks Odia, remains reticent, a recluse.’ ‘The speaker of the house ordered Rao to make statements only in English or the local language, Odia.’ ‘Odia, a 2,500 year old language, has recently gained the status of … Colours include white, cream, green, red, brown, and black, or various combinations. [44] The larvae burrow their way into the seed, feeding on the endosperm. Gives clear and precise meanings as also synonyms in English and Odia, with a wide coverage of patterns of practical usage; Covers variant spellings; Incorporates useful appendices on irregular verbs, numbers, metric measures, Roman numerals, SI units, chemical elements and family relationships; View larger . [16] Black-eyed pea, a common name used for the unguiculata cultivar group, describes the presence of a distinctive black spot at the hilum of the seed. Contextual translation of "toordal meaning in odia" into Hindi. Lobiya: लोबिया: Definitions of Cowpea. 2. Cowpea Meaning in Hindi. [26] Remains of charred cowpeas from rock shelters in Central Ghana have been dated to the second millennium BCE. [21] Flower colour varies through different shades of purple, pink, yellow, and white and blue. It requires very few inputs, as the plant's root nodules are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, making it a valuable crop for resource-poor farmers and well-suited to intercropping with other crops. Cowpea Meaning in Hindi is लोबिया. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. After typing with the onscreen-keyboard, press down arrow (↓) key on computer keyboard to get word transfered to the dictionary search field. Niger is the main exporter of cowpeas and Nigeria the main importer. [37] One of the more recent developments is the use a cheap, reusable double-bagging system (called PICs) that asphyxiates the cowpea weevils. Human translations with examples: kal mujse miloge, अर्थ अंग्रेजी में ।, maine call kiya tha. 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